|
Viktor Anatolyevich Bout (; born 13 January 1967) is a Russian arms dealer. He was arrested in Thailand in 2008 before being extradited in 2010 to the United States to stand trial on terrorism charges after having been accused of intending to smuggle arms to the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) to use against U.S. forces.〔(Viktor Bout Extradited to the United States to Stand Trial on Terrorism Charges ) United States Department of Justice release, 17 November 2010.〕〔〔 On 2 November 2011, he was convicted by a jury in a Manhattan federal court of conspiracy to kill U.S. citizens and officials, delivery of anti-aircraft missiles, and providing aid to a terrorist organization.〔("Viktor Bout guilty of Colombian rebel arms deal" ). BBC, 2 November 2011.〕 A former Soviet military translator,〔(Victor Bout's Personal Website, FAQ ). Victorbout.com.〕 Bout had reportedly made a significant amount of money through his multiple air transport companies,〔 which shipped cargo mostly in Africa and the Middle East during the 1990s and early 2000s.〔(Бут, Виктор )〕 Bout was as equally willing to work with Charles Taylor in Liberia, the United Nations in Sudan, and the United States in Iraq,〔〔 and may have facilitated huge arms shipments during the 1990s into various civil wars in Africa with his private air cargo fleets.〔("'Lord of war' arms trafficker arrested" ), ''The Guardian'', 7 March 2008.〕 Bout says he has done little more than provide logistics, but former British Foreign Office minister Peter Hain called Bout a "sanctions buster"〔 and described him as "the principal conduit for planes and supply routes that take arms from east Europe, principally Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine, to Liberia and Angola".〔("Viktor Bout" ). BBC Profile.〕 In cooperation with American authorities,〔 Royal Thai Police arrested Bout in Bangkok, Thailand, in 2008.〔 The United States ambassador requested his extradition under the Extradition Act between the Kingdom of Thailand and the United States, which was eventually mandated by the Thai High Court in August 2010.〔("Appeal Court verdict on the extradition of Bout" ). ''The Nation'', 1 September 2010.〕 Before his extradition to the United States in November 2010, he expressed confidence that this U.S. trial would eventually lead to his acquittal but this did not occur.〔("Arms Suspect Vows to Win Case in U.S. After Extradition Order" ), nytimes.com, 21 August 2010.〕〔(Россия хочет заполучить "оружейного барона" Бута, которого отправляют на суд в США ) NEWSru, 20 August 2010.〕〔(Profile: Viktor Bout ) BBC News, 2 November 2011〕 From January 2011 to June 2012 Bout was incarcerated in the Metropolitan Correctional Center, New York City. Following his conviction, he was sentenced on 5 April 2012 to 25 years imprisonment by a U.S. judge. In June 2012 he was transferred to the United States Penitentiary, Marion, Illinois.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Inmate Locator )〕〔("'Merchant of Death' Viktor Bout sentenced to 25 years" ).〕〔("International Arms Dealer Viktor Bout Sentenced in Manhattan Federal Court to 25 Years in Prison for Terrorism Crimes" ), Press Release, United States Attorney, Southern District of New York, 5 April 2012.〕〔("Victor Bout delivered to Marion Prison" ), The Voice of Russia, 20 June 2012〕 ==Personal history== UN documents and Bout himself both state his birthplace as Dushanbe, USSR, (now the capital of Tajikistan)〔(Arms and the Man ) New York Times, 17 August 2003〕〔("Meeting Viktor Bout, the ‘Merchant of Death’" ), BBC Channel 4 Snowblog, 16 March 2009〕〔〔 possibly on 13 January 1967,〔〔(Addendum to the final report of the Monitoring Mechanism on Sanctions against UNITA ) S/2001/363〕〔(Trapping the Lord of War, The Rise and Fall of Viktor Bout ) Part 2: Secretive about His Past. spiegel.de, 6 October 2010〕 but a few other birthplaces have been suggested:〔〔 A 2001 South African intelligence file listed him as Ukrainian in origin.〔("The Merchant of Death" ). ''Foreign Policy''.〕〔(Douglas Farah and Stephen Braun: "The Merchant of Death" ). (PDF).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Viktor Bout」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|